VAT Calculator

Add VAT to a net amount, or remove it from a gross amount, using a rate you type.

Fill in any two boxes and Numerila works out the third: enter a net amount and a rate to add VAT, a gross amount and a rate to remove it, or the net and gross amounts to find the rate. Type in the calculated box to choose which value you want to find instead.

Type the rate that applies to you, such as 20 for 20%. It must be zero or more.

Result

Enter any two values and Numerila will work out the third.

Worked example

Adding 20% VAT to a net amount of 100 gives VAT of 20 and a gross amount of 120.

Removing 20% VAT from a gross amount of 120 gives a net amount of 100 and VAT of 20. This is not the same as taking 20% off 120, which would wrongly give 96. Dividing by 1.20 is the correct way to take out VAT that is already included.

How this works

The three boxes are linked by one relationship: gross = net × (1 + rate ÷ 100), and VAT = gross − net.

Adding VAT works from a net amount, which is the amount before VAT: VAT = net × rate ÷ 100, and gross = net + VAT.

Removing VAT works from a gross amount, which already includes VAT. Net = gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100), and VAT = gross − net. Finding the rate works from both: rate = (gross − net) ÷ net × 100, which needs a net amount other than zero.

You type the rate yourself. Numerila does not know which country you are in, does not look rates up, and does not decide which rate applies to a sale. This calculator is an arithmetic aid and not tax advice. Check the rate and the rules that apply to you with your tax authority or a qualified adviser.

Amounts are plain numbers in any currency. No currency is assumed and nothing is converted.

A result written as a plain number is exact. A result starting with “≈” has been rounded to 10 significant figures, because its exact decimal never ends or is too long to read comfortably. When an exact value is long, its full digits are shown underneath. The calculation itself is never rounded: only the display is.

What this result means

The box marked Calculated holds whichever of the net amount, the rate or the gross amount the other two determine, and the result shows the net amount, the VAT and the gross amount, worked out from the rate you typed.

Common mistakes

  • Removing VAT by taking the percentage off the gross amount. For a 20% rate, 120 gross is 100 net, not 96.
  • Assuming a 0% rate means the same as exempt or outside the scope of VAT. These are different treatments even though the arithmetic is the same.

Assumptions and limitations

  • The rate is always the one you type. Nothing is looked up and no country is assumed.

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